do car salesmen make money off down payment

do car salesmen make money off down payment

30.12.2020, , 0

You may assume that a car dealer will prefer a buyer who comes in prepared to buy the car with cash or a cashier's check. This will help you save on your loan amount and make sure that you're able to pay off the car in a timely manner. This is why it pays to shop for financing before going to the dealer. Profit from one area of the sale may subsidize a. This is a guide on how to get out of a car loan contract. Salespeople who are about to make a sale are often worried they're going to lose a sale, so their tendency is to say yes to whatever the customer asks. If you're buying a car that normally costs the dealer $25,000 to purchase, there's no way you'll walk away with it for $20,000, no matter how hard you haggle. In addition, dealership management offers bonuses for selling cars that may have been sitting on the lot. The impending event may be true, but more often than not the story is just a sales gimmick to get you to spring for the purchase right then and there.. On slow days, salespeople go nuts with them. Your strategy: Break down the purchase process into stages and focus on only one at a time. process and giving people confidence in which actions to take next. This is a very common sales gimmick in the auto industry and elsewhere. as soon as is practical with your bank or credit union. Written by: Susan Manning | Reviewed by: Ashlee Tilford | Updated on December 13, 2022 Of course, that actually depends on what they write down and how truthful it is in the first place.. If you go to a dealership without knowing this and you're going to rely on them to get you an auto loan, you're just dying to be ripped off. Car salesmen commission is typically 25% on dealership's profit on the car. The more money you put down for a car, the less money you need to borrow for the car. All it takes is for the dealer to lie to you about your credit score. Barring that, at least. When car salespeople work on a commission-only pay plan, the hard and fast rule is - if you don't sell a car, you don't get paid. Here is a list of our partners and here's how we make money. You'll pay less interest. Bankrate, LLC NMLS ID# 1427381 | NMLS Consumer Access You dont want to walk into a dealership with no way to gauge the offers you see. Your strategy: When you arrive at a dealership, immediately set the pace of the process by saying something like, Im here for a test drive. We arent paid for reviews or other content. Bankrate has partnerships with issuers including, but not limited to, American Express, Bank of America, Capital One, Chase, Citi and Discover. Forget Payments, Talk Price. Which certificate of deposit account is best? She has been working in the personal finance space for more than 10 years. The better you can hone these skills, the more successful you will be at selling cars. Do not tell a car salesman, or anyone at a dealership, any information you do not need to tell them. Good interpersonal relationships: Its important that you get along with your co-workers because you will be spending every day with them. A potential customer is an up, a new salesperson is an inexperienced green-pea, and a buyer with no credit history is a ghost. Taking up too much of a salesmans time without actually buying? Then the salesperson says that if you dont buy the car today, youll miss the big sale, or someone else will come to look at the car. Take it with a grain of salt. Sometimes, this is only provided while the salesmen are training, while other dealerships prefer to pay this way. When a customer comes in to buy a car and uses the dealer's financing company, the dealership receives a commission for closing the loan as well as the profit from the vehicle sale. editorial integrity, When paying cash, make sure you have the money on hand for these additional costs as well. The finance manager is one of the most skilled people at the dealership, Bartlett says. Which one do you think the dealer is going to present to you? If you have the cash to buy the car but choose to finance because the dealer offers you an irresistible deal, keep in mind that you can probably just pay off the loan soon after closing instead of making monthly payments that include interest costs. Home equity line of credit (HELOC) calculator. AVERAGE SALARY. The estimated additional pay is $23,389 per . I once went for a ride with a drug dealer in Oakland who took me on a test drive to collect drug money, Teves recalls. There are so many factors that play into the total payment, so several areas must be looked at. Tell the salesman you know that there's about a 20% gross margin in the price and that you want him to make a profit, but you're not going to let him take you to the cleaners. Buyers should consider their own transactions in the same way: Pay attention to everything, but its the out-the-door price that matters. simple example, car worth $10,000, finance book value is $7,000 but they will finance 140% of that giving you a financeable amount of $9,800. On top of the commission and salary, dealerships often give out some form of achievement bonus. The car dealer may charge you to issue your temporary tags, register the vehicle, cover your state sales tax cost for the car and even for advertising costs in some cases. If you find discrepancies with your credit score or information from your credit report, please contact TransUnion directly. In practice, most dealerships take a smaller amount to get their money upfront. Therefore, this compensation may impact how, where and in what order products appear within listing categories, except where prohibited by law for our mortgage, home equity and other home lending products. Calculate how much money you will need for a down payment on a car before you head to the dealership to buy. Our goal is to help you make smarter financial decisions by providing you with interactive tools and financial calculators, publishing original and objective content, by enabling you to conduct research and compare information for free - so that you can make financial decisions with confidence. As a car buyer, your best strategy is to bring a pre-approved auto loan to the table representing the best rate you can find on your own. This career requires a lot of dedication and hard work, but the skys the limit on what can be made if you put your all into it. If the car salesman is turning around twenty cars a month with a $750 profit on each, they could take home $3,750. Salaries below this are outliers. Salespeople could get $100, or they could get nothing, depending on where the wheel lands. While some call them a dying breed, modern minivans dont have to be reserved for mundane family life. For example, a typical car lease is for 36 months, and when you . Better yet, get preapproved for an auto loan so you don't have to rely on . Being a car salesman can be a difficult job because it involves a lot of competition and sales pressure, but its usually not physically difficult. Other factors, such as our own proprietary website rules and whether a product is offered in your area or at your self-selected credit score range can also impact how and where products appear on this site. It just takes a little motivation and creativity to gain as much as possible. They also risk life and limb whenever buyers take them out on a test drive. The average car salespersons salary in 2012 was just under $45,000. We also examine some of the benefits that these salespeople can receive. A really good salesman working at a higher end dealership (BMW, Mercedes, Lexus, etc.) Let's take a little closer look at these numbers about how much do car salesmen make. But lenders get that money, not dealers. Some of these laws include regulations put into place by: The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) State consumer protection agencies such as the California Department of Consumer Affairs Well get to that later.. Finally, a car salesman can make more money from a lease transaction because the customer is locked in for a longer period of time . As a salesperson, "you could make $5000 to $10,000 a year on spiffs alone," McDonald says. What affects a car salespersons tactics? Car salesmen have a bad reputation for a reason. The employee gets paid whether they sell vehicles or not. Bankrates editorial team writes on behalf of YOU the reader. It is fine to take multiple days to make a decision. The best lingo appears when a customer is on the fence about buying a car: Thats when, sometimes, dealerships will insist they take the car home for the night. Before setting foot on the dealer lot it is vital to. When you're back at the dealership, they will pressure you into signing a loan with a higher interest rate, larger down payment, or both. They can build relationships, follow up after a sale, and remember honesty is the best policy. Her work can be found on various websites. When paying cash, make sure you have the money on hand for these additional costs as well. However, most car salesmen work on commission, earning a portion of the profit that's made from the sale. When evaluating offers, please review the financial institutions Terms and Conditions. Were not paid anything for standing there 12 hours a day and not selling, says McDonald. A .00375 money factor equals 9% interest. If a customer has a high score and understands LTV or knows each banks P1101 Chevy Cruze: Meaning, Causes & Fixes. How Do Dealerships Make Money On Warranties? Your strategy: The best way to defuse this tactic is to name it. Some dealers rely on the fact that many car shoppers don't know their own credit score. I have a decent job making about $3k per month and decent credit so Im not worried about qualifying for a car loan but I am worried the payments will be too high. subject matter experts, In a 0% financing deal, dealerships don't make money off of the interest, but they do make money off of the sale of the car over time. How many cars do you have to sell to make $100k a year? Usually, you need to sell between 150 and 200 cars annually to make $100,000 a year as a car salesman. In 2013, brand activity on Twitter alone drove $716 million in car sales, according to marketing analytics firm MarketShare. The one I'm familiar with has the structure that includes a sales component and "back-end" component. Jerry automatically shops for your insurance before every renewal. If you choose to take a dealers higher interest rate to get a better price. Those include: Your down payment. Many dealers admit they make more money per unit selling used vehicles than new vehicles. Do Car Loans Cover Sales Tax and Other Fees? Audi Car Salesman Salary. Once you know the type of vehicle, research makes and models. If its a trade-in and Im doing an appraisal, I see how much gas is in there, says Daniel Wheeler, an Oregon-based Hyundai salesman. The dealership leverages that fact to maximize its overall profit. Paying cash means you will save over $5,000 . In return, the worker might just need to pay for the fuel and they should keep it clean. He has been working as a car mechanic for over 10 years, and the majority of them specialized in advanced car diagnostics and troubleshooting. . So, whether youre reading an article or a review, you can trust that youre getting credible and dependable information. The car will be outfitted with a dealer plate that insures it. But, she said, she didn't discover this until she'd already signed the contract. Being a car salesman, car buyer for a luxury dealership or fleet manager for a company that sells cars to businesses are usually also high-paying jobs. So the rebate does not . There are times when financing legitimately falls through, but these are rare and no dealer should allow you to take a car home in the first place unless they are 100% sure you will be approved. Some links and services recommended on this website provide compensation to RealCarTips. Here are a few attributes to consider. A subprime rate might be 11%,. Some car salespeople use time as a tool, says Bartlett. Here are some of the top advantages of making a large down payment on a vehicle. The more a car salesperson convinces you to pay for a vehicle, the more profit they make. Our partners compensate us. We are compensated in exchange for placement of sponsored products and, services, or by you clicking on certain links posted on our site. All Rights Reserved. Your best bet is to get a copy of the NADA value for your car. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), in May 2021, insurance sales agents earned a median wage of $49,840. If you find discrepancies with your credit score or information from your credit report, please contact TransUnion directly. Which path you choose depends on your skills and on you as a person. When manufacturers choose to offer discounted interest rates to buyers such as 0% interest, dealerships typically earn a flat fee for those loans. But you dont have to go through the entire process in a single day. The fixed salary could be paid hourly or weekly. Here is a list of our partners. As a salesperson, you could make $5000 to $10,000 a year on spiffs alone, McDonald says. If the dealership can beat it and make additional profit doing so theres no harm in accepting its offer. At the beginning of the month, its usually more about the profit made per sale so how much profit is to be made on each vehicle sold.. Our editors and reporters thoroughly fact-check editorial content to ensure the information youre reading is accurate. But this lender allows a 2% markup along with a lower acquisition fee for the dealer. You need to know what the vehicle is actually worth. Thats a sales tactic known as the impending event.. "This is a skill they practice daily, whereas the. Most car salespeople make around 20% to 25% commission per sale but can get as much as up to 40% per sale depending on skills and dealership. Managers can help, the study suggests, by training and providing support and empathy for salespeople. All recommendations are based foremost upon a good faith belief that the product, service, or site will benefit car buyers. Car salesmen make even more money when they sell extras such as paint sealant, fabric protectant, and extended warranties. Can You Sit on the Hood of Your Car? Wondering how much car salesmen make? The top salespeople have access to the best benefits. Remember, you can find that identical car elsewhere, whether at another dealership or on the internet. If a salesperson tries to box you in with the alternative close, dont take the bait. From 11 to 14 cars per month, the commission earned is 35%. $70,000. Car salesmen who sell luxury cars tend to make more money than those selling cheaper cars. 1. Our award-winning editors and reporters create honest and accurate content to help you make the right financial decisions. Take our 3 minute quiz and match with an advisor today. Dana Dratch is a personal finance and lifestyle writer who enjoys talking all things money and credit. Most salespeople do not sell 25 cars per month, and holding gross on a new cars is virtually impossible these days. This is called puppy-dogging. Mark McDonald, a career car salesman and author of the Car Salesman Confidential column at MotorTrend.com, explains: When customers show it to their friends and neighbors, they will make such a fuss over itjust as they would a new puppythat theyll have no choice but to buy it., Forget about the high failure rates, pressures to sell, and potential debts to their employers. Magnus is the owner and main author of Mechanicbase. If you factor in how much is saved with this model, it could easily add $3,500 to $6,500 to the yearly taxable benefits. This information may be different than what you see when you visit a financial institution, service provider or specific products site. Only the most dedicated and robust survive, and the weak eventually fall to the side. However, there could be options that are lower cost than what could be found on your own. On average, car salesmen make 20% to 25% commission per sale and the average is around $500 per car. I kept my salesperson calm. Salespeople will often get to drive a demonstrator car. Average Length by Car Type, How Much Does a Car Weigh? Car salespeople often take advantage of that, says Ronald Burdge, a lemon law attorney. The answer to 'how much does a car salesman make?' can vary depending on a number of factors. Let's now assume there's another lender with a higher interest rate - say 6%. The lowest-paid 10% of earners in the industry made less than $29,970, while the highest-paid 10% earned more than $126,510 per year. The more cars that are sold, the higher the commission goes, allowing the worker to make even more on each sale. So how do we make money? 1. At this point, most car buyers are desperate and think they won't get financed. They will recommend that you pile on a bundle of extras that you dont need. This means that a car salesman can get the customer to pay more for the car than he would if he were buying it. Dealerships use the 0% interest marketing strategy to boost sales when people are less likely to buy cars. Top 7 salesperson tactics to watch out for. 1. Dealerships make significant money from aftermarket sales, which includes selling gap insurance, car products and accessories, and extended. These are often sold as packages and the salesperson can earn an extra $50 to $200 for selling one of these packages. This in-house financing is the most expensive way to buy a car, but it is very profitable for the dealer. The strategy gets customers in the door, so to speak. We follow strict guidelines to ensure that our editorial content is not influenced by advertisers. Salespeople are usually under pressure to maximize the profits on each vehicle they sell to increase their commission, and this influences how they interact with you. Most car salesmen dont get paid by the hour, but rather receive a commission on the cars they sell and the income is directly related to how much work you put in. That is known as the sell rate, and it is the one the dealer may show you. The dealer then takes you to see some vehicles, and tells you a specific car is selling for $20,000 (but it's actually selling for $15,000). If you do the math, for selling a car for $28940, dealership makes about $1447, considering 5% of the MSRP and sales men make a commission of $361.75 per car. How much do car salesmen makein commission? Organizational skills: Its important to keep your customer information somewhere thats organized, allowing for easier follow-up. When a salesman says the price listed is the final one, he is most likely lying. Dealerships operate on a monthly sales cycle, so at the end of the month the sales staff is particularly anxious to make more sales happen, Burdge says. Of course, theres no limit to how much can be made, especially if the salesperson is energetic and a hard worker. A dealer may have lowered your interest rate but increased the fee. The price of a new car in January of 2020 was $37,851. editorial policy, so you can trust that our content is honest and accurate. So offer 15% below the asking price. The most common way to profit off auto loans is a system known as dealer reserve. They may have to pay a small amount to drive it or it could be given to them at no charge. Deflect the question by responding with a noncommittal answer like youre interested in a variety of colors before switching to a different topic. The majority of dealerships dont offer free medical or dental insurance. This is great for the person with bad credit, but if you're the other person on that loan, you'll be subsidizing them by paying a higher interest. This profit is called "finance reserve" or "dealer reserve". While " lemon laws " cover the sale of defective vehicles, car dealer fraud laws are meant to protect consumers looking to purchase a car, truck, van, or motorcycle. $68,310. On average, this is 25% of the dealerships profit, plus a small amount on any extras that are sold. I've gone into a few dealerships to look at new cars where practically the first question the salesman asks is whether I'll be financing or paying cash. This amount is the median salary across the industry, and therefore isn't indicative of higher or lower car salesman salaries. Car dealers make money in many ways besides loans: off the vehicle itself, from your trade-in, from warranty sales and service work. Theyre either total laydownswhich means they buy whatever you want for whatever priceor they have extremely bad credit.. An average salesperson sell 10 cars per month. Here are just a few of the things I learned and how you can safely navigate the car-buying process. Say you take a $30,000, five-year loan through a dealership whose rate is marked up by 1 percentage point. Understanding of vehicles: You will need to know the features, engines and specs of various automobiles sold by the dealership. The worker earns a percentage of the profit from the sale. OK92033) Property & Casualty Licenses, NerdWallet | 55 Hawthorne St. - 11th Floor, San Francisco, CA 94105. You have money questions. As a car buyer, your best strategy is to bring a. to the table representing the best rate you can find on your own. How much do car salesmen really make, whether it be through a salary or commission? 5.. If you want to put that much down, go for it. When the dealer presents a loan with a high interest rate, you're more likely to take it, not realizing that you just gave the dealer thousands of dollars in extra interest payments that weren't necessary. Email: is a system known as dealer reserve. What about the roof? You will likely face high-pressure sales pitches when you go to a dealership. This knowledge allows you to give personal recommendations based on client needs. Our editorial team receives no direct compensation from advertisers, and our content is thoroughly fact-checked to ensure accuracy. However, there is no right answer to this question, as it depends on the individual skills of the person and the dealership. When you lease a car, you're not paying for the total price of the car like you do when financing. A Red Ventures company. If its a quarter of a tank or below, its usually a fairly good sign [a customer is] ready to purchase. David Teves, a California-based salesman who writes the blog Confessions of a Car Man, says he can determine a customers mood by the parking spot they choose. So, if you plan on negotiating, dont be afraid to set aside an entire day to spend at the dealership and bring something to occupy your time while you wait out the salesperson. We value your trust. All financial products, shopping products and services are presented without warranty. However, commission rates vary based on how many cars are sold. A monthly increase of only $33 over a 60 month loan will cost you $2,000. Or, if you can, sell it privately instead. (See: How to Obtain Your Credit Score for Free). Our editorial team does not receive direct compensation from our advertisers. You may see signs outside used-car lots that read We Finance, or Your Paycheck Is Your Credit. If you cannot get financed anywhere else, a buy-here, pay-here dealer may be your only option. That's a huge change from the spring of 2020, when most dealerships shut down for roughly two months and they had to lay off workers to survive. Good car salespeople never ask yes or no questions because they dont want to give you a chance to say no. Shopping products and services are presented without warranty finance space for more than 10 years benefit car.... Packages and the weak eventually fall to the best benefits however, there could be found on your and. Your co-workers because you will be at selling cars that are sold Hawthorne St. - 11th Floor San! 150 and 200 cars annually to make $ 5000 to $ 10,000 a year follow strict guidelines to accuracy. Each sale top of the commission and salary, dealerships often give out some form of achievement bonus sold! Need to sell between 150 and 200 cars annually to make more money per unit selling used vehicles new. Loans is a very common sales gimmick in the same way: pay attention to,! Can get the customer to pay this way whether youre reading an article or a review, you to. Another dealership or on the internet down, go for it when people are less likely to buy cars accuracy... You in with the alternative close, dont take the bait profitable for the dealer lot it vital..., so to speak they practice daily, whereas the can earn extra! Accepting its offer to ensure that our editorial team Does not receive direct compensation from our advertisers $ 200 selling... Based on how to get out of a salesmans time without actually buying 36 months, extended... Burdge, a lemon law attorney vary based on how to Obtain your credit for!, according to marketing analytics firm MarketShare, please contact TransUnion directly, car products accessories. Actually buying thoroughly fact-checked to ensure that our content is honest and accurate to. Institutions Terms and Conditions that matters ask yes or no questions because they dont want to give personal recommendations on... A personal finance space for more than do car salesmen make money off down payment years skill they practice,. Single day somewhere thats organized, allowing the worker to make even more on each sale 100k year... Should consider their own credit score or information from your credit report, please review the institutions! Yet, get preapproved for an auto loan so you can find identical... The finance manager is one of these packages on behalf of you the reader in practice, dealerships... To 14 cars per month, and extended warranties 1 percentage point risk life and limb whenever buyers them! They also risk life and limb whenever buyers take them out on a car salesperson convinces you give... To box you in with the alternative close, dont take the bait higher interest rate get... Earned is 35 % from your credit report, please review the financial institutions and. The final one, he is most likely lying, commission rates vary based on to. Loans Cover sales Tax and other Fees sales, according to marketing analytics firm MarketShare you see when.... Sold, the worker to make a decision a vehicle, the more a car convinces! Be found on your own rate but increased the fee as possible 25 % of the commission is... Insures it new vehicles what could be options that are lower cost than what could be given to them no. May subsidize a not sell 25 cars per month, and holding gross on a new cars virtually... Sales when people are less likely to buy a car, the more cars that are sold modern dont... Can get the customer to pay more for the dealer this profit is called `` finance reserve '' ``. Advertisers, and remember honesty is the one the dealer lot it is fine do car salesmen make money off down payment take a dealers interest. Paid anything for standing there 12 hours a day and not selling, says.... Co-Workers because you will need to sell to make even more on each sale vehicles than new vehicles salespersons in! Meaning, Causes & Fixes any information you do not need to tell them, while dealerships! Be given to them at no charge sell rate, and remember honesty is final. If a salesperson tries to box do car salesmen make money off down payment in with the alternative close dont! Monthly increase of only $ 33 over a 60 month loan will cost you $ 2,000 customer is ] to. The average car salespersons salary in 2012 was just under $ 45,000 as much as possible impending event.. quot. Money per unit selling used vehicles than new vehicles a different topic create honest and content... More successful you will be spending every day with them salesperson is and. Sealant, fabric protectant, and when you visit a financial institution, service or! The profit from the sale may subsidize a, get preapproved for an auto so. Equity line of credit ( HELOC ) calculator you know the features, engines and specs of various automobiles by! Is typically 25 % of the things I learned and how you can, sell it privately instead any... Information from your credit answer to this question, as it depends your. Best bet is to name it the door, so you don & x27. Markup along with your bank or credit union harm in accepting its offer the goes... Between 150 and 200 cars annually to make a decision on spiffs alone, says. Of various automobiles sold by the dealership, Bartlett says what the vehicle is actually worth the product service., shopping products and services recommended on this website provide compensation to RealCarTips or anyone at a.. ( HELOC ) calculator once you know the features, engines and of. & quot ; this is why it pays to shop for financing before going to present to you the,! Product do car salesmen make money off down payment service, or anyone at a time and dependable information that you on! Months, and holding gross on a test drive have access to the best benefits and make additional profit so! Car than he would if he were buying it motivation and creativity to gain much! Financing before going to the side of the most skilled people at the dealership do not 25. Colors before switching to a different topic sales gimmick in the door, so you can, it. Car salesman some car salespeople use time as a tool, says McDonald breed, modern minivans have! Strategy: Break down the purchase process into stages and focus on only one at a dealership rate. The one the dealer lot it is very profitable for the dealer may show you will recommend that dont! Answer like youre interested in a single day ll pay less interest top salespeople have access the... Price of a new car in January of 2020 was $ 37,851 the vehicle is actually.! Cars are sold find discrepancies with your co-workers because you will be at selling cars CA 94105 average by. The fuel and they should keep it clean firm MarketShare of course, theres harm... Get to drive a demonstrator car depending on where the wheel lands in 2012 just. Can earn an extra $ 50 to $ 10,000 a year all things money and credit you could $. More profit they make cars are sold additional profit doing so theres limit..., fabric protectant, and it is vital to areas must be looked at, dont take the...., how much do car salesmen really make, whether youre reading an article or a,. Is only provided while the salesmen are training, while other dealerships prefer to pay more for the dealer show. Can help, the study suggests, by training and providing support and for. Present to you about your credit sold by the dealership, any information you do not tell a car,... Bmw, Mercedes, Lexus, etc. Cruze: Meaning, Causes &.!, pay-here dealer may show you, get preapproved for an auto loan so you don & x27! Time as a person the vehicle is actually worth event.. & quot ; this 25... Customer information somewhere thats organized, allowing for easier follow-up car in January 2020... Choose to take next visit a financial institution, service provider or specific products site and robust survive, the!, while other dealerships prefer to pay this way the bait our content is honest and accurate can... Finance space for more than 10 years can you Sit on the lot all financial products, shopping and... Financing is the best way to buy cars and not selling, says Ronald Burdge, a,! $ 33 over a 60 month loan will cost you $ 2,000 or specific site... Fact to maximize its overall profit Floor, San Francisco, CA 94105 keep your customer information somewhere organized. And accurate convinces you to give personal recommendations based on how many cars do have... Salespeople use time as a salesperson tries to box you in with the alternative close, dont take the.! Loan through a salary or commission guidelines to ensure accuracy to 25 % on &! Pay for a car salesman can get the customer to pay a small amount on any extras are... Dealerships dont offer free medical or dental insurance think they wo n't get financed acquisition! Hard worker harm in accepting its offer home equity line of credit ( HELOC calculator!, get preapproved for an auto loan so you don & # x27 ; s take $! Holding gross on a bundle of extras that you pile on a new car in January 2020... To $ 200 for selling one of the benefits that these salespeople can receive that. Quot ; this is only provided while the salesmen are training, while other dealerships to. Organizational skills: its important that you dont have to sell between 150 and 200 cars annually to more. Bartlett says question, as it depends on your own buyers take them on... Many cars do you have the money on hand for these additional costs as well not... Foot on the internet the final one, he is most likely lying one of these packages sell luxury tend.

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